瑞士居民的行为守则
瑞士不愧为一个严格的法制国家。
在瑞士，事无巨细都有法律规定，都按法律执行。瑞士的各项法律条款，各项规章制度在尊重公民权利，赋予公民福利的同时，要求每一位公民自觉遵法守纪，履行公民职责。
在瑞士居住首先必须遵守保障居民权利与职责的《居民行为准则》。
在瑞士，从小培养“我为人人，人人为我(Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno)”的公民意识
我在房产物业公司签完租赁合同后，房产物业公司接待小姐立刻发给我一本《居民行为准则》小册子，关照我好好读，并要告诉所有家人严格遵守。
打开小册子一看，里面有好几页，好几章，详述了日内瓦市与我们社区的各项规章制度。
日内瓦租赁者手册内再有“居民行为守则”
其中一条是瑞士特有的“ 安静时间段（Quiet Hours）行为准则”。
瑞士人认为安静环境对享有有质量的生活至关重要，规定晚上22点至早上6点为“安静时间段（Quiet Hours）。
“安静时间段（Quiet Hours）行为准则”规定居住公寓的居民晚上22点至早上6点不能洗澡淋浴、晚上22点至早上7点不能发出吵闹的声音，比如：不能使用吸尘器、不能放高音喇叭，不能穿硬底拖鞋、不能发出任何影响他人休息与睡眠的声音；星期天整天不能使用榔头、电钻、电锯、食品加工器（如绞肉器，搅拌器）等发出强烈噪声的工具，不能在自家花园除草；每天晚上19 点以后以及星期天整天不得往收集玻璃瓶及玻璃器皿的废品箱里扔放玻璃瓶及器皿，以免噪音影响他人休息；如果晚上需在家里举行比较喧闹的聚会，家庭音乐会或其他party, 应预先通知各位邻居，取得大家的谅解和同意；音乐爱好者，如击鼓和吹号爱好者，需采取隔音措施，在没有隔音措施的情况下，允许从周一至周六每天练习一至二小时；对于钢琴练习者，如果琴声悦耳可以相应多练习些时间，但如果邻居觉得声音烦躁，则应相应缩短练习时间或采取隔音措施。
倘如，发生以上诸项不快事件，邻里之间不要正面交锋，而应打电话报告市政警察，警察一般在5 至15分钟抵达现场进行处理，该警告，警告，该罚款，罚款，屡教不改者则采取行政制裁措施。
关于“环境整洁与邻里和睦相处”的章节规定：阳台上不能堆放或晾晒有碍观瞻的物品；小区内遛狗，须牵着狗的项链、不得在草地上遛狗、遛狗者须自觉收拾干净狗屎；居住在公寓楼楼上的居民不得往下扔烟蒂或杂物；不允许在公寓楼的公共场所，如电梯里、公用洗衣房等处抽烟等等。公寓居民不能将鞋子留在门口的公用走道上；生物垃圾须与其他垃圾放开，生物垃圾必须放在统一发放的绿色环保垃圾口袋里，扔在指定的废物箱里；废电池，玻璃瓶及碎玻璃须扔入专门废物箱等等。
小区垃圾箱，垃圾从倒入口滑到离地面一米半左右的垃圾箱里，阻止秽气溢出。
一天，邻居H太太家来了几位小区治安人员，治安人员向H太太出示了一袋垃圾以及从垃圾袋里发现的一张购物发票。治安人员告诉H太太，根据垃圾袋搜到的发票，查明这袋垃圾是H家扔的，因为发票上的银行账号属H太太，从银行账号查到H太太家的地址，特地来H太太家了解情况是否属实。查问下来，是H太太家小孩偷懒，把生物垃圾与其他垃圾混在一起倒入小区垃圾收集箱里。人证物证具在，根据规定，罚款H太太1000瑞朗。
呵，呵，呵，一袋垃圾罚了1000瑞朗！
以下摘录部分日内瓦市关于噪音和邻里关系的公文（瑞士的官方语言有四种：法语、德语、意大利语和罗曼语，法律文书一般有法文、德文、意大利文、罗曼文和英文版本）：
Noise and neighbours: What are my rights and duties?
Given the hectic nature of our daily life, we all need peace and quiet at home. This is why unwanted noise may be perceived as a serious invasion of privacy. Disputes in this regard can be very damaging for relations between neighbours. Once a complaint has been lodged, it sets off a process fraught with difficulties and, whatever the outcome may be, the quality of life suffers for all concerned. Yet this does not have to happen and a little give-and-take may be enough to resolve the issue. Whatever the rights and wrongs of the individual case, the information contained in this document can help you to avoid the ordeal of a formal procedure. It’s better to talk!
What does the law have to say?
Contrary to widespread belief, noise pollution is not permitted any more by day than by night, as there is an obligation to avoid any excessive noise, irrespective of the time or level. This principle simply has to be followed more strictly at night so that people’s sleep is not disturbed.
The law of Geneva 1 recalls that excessive noise is prohibited at all times. This rule must be obeyed more strictly between 21:00 and 07:00 because “excessive” noise is all the more apparent at night . As the Swiss Civil Code 3 also points out, excessive noise is no more permissible within our own four walls than outside. We must all take the necessary steps to ensure that peace is not disturbed on the public highway or in the neighbourhood . Finally, with regard to rented accommodation, the provisions of the lease stress that the tenant must show due respect for his neighbours and that includes not disturbing the peace and quiet of the building.
What levels of noise are permitted? The law does not lay down any particular threshold to define excessive noise.
Noise is deemed to be excessive if it arises from the behaviour of someone failing to abide by generally accepted practice. In other words, it is not necessary to have recourse to scientific measurement. On the other hand, situations in which noise is unavoidable are permitted. The examples given below should help to clarify the distinction the two.
Admissible noise：a baby crying；moving house or assembling furniture occasionally between 07:00 and 21:00 on working days ; using a vacuum cleaner during the daytime ; having a music lesson for non-professional purposes during the day ; doing DIY jobs occasionally between 07:00 and 21:00 on working days; inevitable noises in the pipes during the day; mowing the lawn between 08:00 and 20:00 on working days;
Excessive noise：children jumping up and down on the floor; moving furniture persistently without taking any precautions to avoid noise; doing housework during the night; playing amplified music that passes through partition walls; doing noisy DIY jobs, even occasionally, between 21:00 and 07:00 or on Sundays and public holidays; taking baths at night; mowing the lawn on Sundays and public holidays;
Inadequate sound-proofing Apartments built after 1 January 1985 are required to comply with minimum sound-proofing standards. A tenant can call on the landlord or the property management company to make a building comply with these standards, if an expert’s report shows that it does not. However, in the event of a dispute between neighbours, inadequate sound-proofing cannot be raised as a defence to justify noise nuisance. If noise is capable of being controlled by our own behaviour, it is always up to the person causing the noise to take such precautions as are appropriate in the circumstances to avoid inconveniencing the neighbours.
（图片取自在网页）
